So lets start with Routers R4 and R7, each has 4 serial interfaces that are back to back (R4 s0/0 to R7 s0/0, R4 s0/1 to R7 s0/1, R4 s1/0 to R7 s1/0 and R4 s1/1 to R7 s1/1)
Start with a multilink frame relay (MFR) for the first two links (since we're not using a Frame Switch here so we're going to turn FR LMI off)
R4
hostname R4
int mfr 1
no keepalive
no shut
int s0/0
shutdown
encapsulation frame-relay mfr 1
no shut
int s0/1
shutdown
encapsulation frame-relay mfr 1
no shut
int mfr1.47 point-to-point
ip address 47.47.47.4 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 47
R7
hostname R7
int mfr 1
no keepalive
no shut
int s0/0
shutdown
encapsulation frame-relay mfr 1
no shut
int s0/1
shutdown
encapsulation frame-relay mfr 1
no shut
int mfr1.47 point-to-point
ip address 47.47.47.7 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 47
So lets check that is operating.
R4#sh frame pvc
PVC Statistics for interface MFR1 (Frame Relay DTE)
Active Inactive Deleted Static
Local 1 0 0 0
Switched 0 0 0 0
Unused 0 0 0 0
DLCI = 47, DLCI USAGE = LOCAL, PVC STATUS = STATIC, INTERFACE = MFR1.47
input pkts 3 output pkts 3 in bytes 963
out bytes 963 dropped pkts 0 in pkts dropped 0
out pkts dropped 0 out bytes dropped 0
in FECN pkts 0 in BECN pkts 0 out FECN pkts 0
out BECN pkts 0 in DE pkts 0 out DE pkts 0
out bcast pkts 3 out bcast bytes 963
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
pvc create time 00:00:28, last time pvc status changed 00:00:14
R4#ping 47.47.47.7
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 47.47.47.7, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/5/16 ms
R4#sh frame-relay multilink
Bundle: MFR1, State = up, class = A, fragmentation disabled
BID = MFR1
Bundle links:
Serial0/1, HW state = up, link state = Up, LID = Serial0/1
Serial0/0, HW state = up, link state = Up, LID = Serial0/0
Okay, so multilink frame relay is relatively straight forward to get going. Lets park that for the moment and look at getting multilink PPP operational
R4
int mfr1.47 point-to-point
no ip address
interface Multilink1
ip address 47.47.47.4 255.255.255.0
ppp multilink
ppp multilink group 1
int s1/0
shutdown
encapsulation ppp
ppp multilink
ppp multilink group 1
no shut
int s1/1
shutdown
encapsulation ppp
ppp multilink
ppp multilink group 1
no shut
R7
int mfr1.47 point-to-point
no ip address
interface Multilink1
ip address 47.47.47.7 255.255.255.0
ppp multilink
ppp multilink group 1
int s1/0
shutdown
encapsulation ppp
ppp multilink
ppp multilink group 1
no shut
int s1/1
shutdown
encapsulation ppp
ppp multilink
ppp multilink group 1
no shut
So lets check that this is working.
R7#ping 47.47.47.4
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 47.47.47.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 4/9/24 ms
R7#sh ppp multi
Multilink1
Bundle name: R4
Remote Endpoint Discriminator: [1] R4
Local Endpoint Discriminator: [1] R7
Bundle up for 00:00:26, total bandwidth 3088, load 1/255
Receive buffer limit 24000 bytes, frag timeout 1000 ms
0/0 fragments/bytes in reassembly list
0 lost fragments, 7 reordered
0/0 discarded fragments/bytes, 0 lost received
0xF received sequence, 0xD sent sequence
Member links: 2 active, 0 inactive (max not set, min not set)
Se1/0, since 00:00:21
Se1/1, since 00:00:20
No inactive multilink interfaces
No problems, we can see that the bandwidth is 3088kbps (1544 kbps default per serial interface). Ok, so just for fun, how about including the Frame Relay links with this bundle? It's certainly possible, we just need to put ppp over frame and include it in the multilink group.
R4/47
interface Virtual-Template1
no ip address
ppp multilink
ppp multilink group 1
interface MFR1.47 point-to-point
frame-relay interface-dlci 47 ppp Virtual-Template1
However it's not quite as simple as it seems to get it going..
*Mar 1 00:14:13.559: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:14:25.547: %FR-3-MLPOFR_ERROR: MLPoFR not configured properly on Link Virtual-Access2 Bundle Multilink1 :Frame Relay traffic shaping must be enabled
*Mar 1 00:14:26.539: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up
We need some traffic shaping on the FR (MFR1) interface - remember if we just turn traffic shaping on, all PVCs will be shaped at 56kbps. For this example, we'll assume that there is 256kbps per PVC available
R4/47
map-class frame-relay MFR
frame-relay traffic-rate 512000
interface MFR1
frame-relay traffic-shaping
interface MFR1.47 point-to-point
frame-relay interface-dlci 47 ppp Virtual-Template1
class MFR
Lets bounce the link and see if it's happy this time round.
R7(config-if)#int mfr1
R7(config-if)#shut
*Mar 1 00:22:30.247: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface MFR1, changed state to administratively down
*Mar 1 00:22:30.247: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:22:31.247: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface MFR1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:22:31.251: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:22:33.255: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:22:33.259: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
R7(config-if)#no shut
*Mar 1 00:22:46.619: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface MFR1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:22:54.215: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface MFR1, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:22:54.263: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:22:55.207: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:22:55.215: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface MFR1, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:22:55.219: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:22:55.263: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up
No complaints this time...
R7(config-if)#do ping 47.47.47.4
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 47.47.47.4, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/6/16 ms
R7(config-if)#do sh users
Line User Host(s) Idle Location
* 0 con 0 idle 00:00:00
Interface User Mode Idle Peer Address
Vi2 PPPoFR 00:01:06
Se1/0 Sync PPP 00:00:05
Se1/1 Sync PPP 00:00:05
Mu1 Sync PPP 00:00:54 47.47.47.4
Looks good so far, lets confirm what the multilink PPP interface thinks its bandwidth is (it should be 1544 * 2 for the direct PPP links and 512 for the MFR link)
R7(config-if)#do sh ppp multi
Multilink1
Bundle name: R4
Remote Endpoint Discriminator: [1] R4
Local Endpoint Discriminator: [1] R7
Bundle up for 00:24:11, total bandwidth 3344, load 1/255
Receive buffer limit 36000 bytes, frag timeout 1000 ms
0/0 fragments/bytes in reassembly list
0 lost fragments, 13 reordered
0/0 discarded fragments/bytes, 0 lost received
0x32 received sequence, 0x30 sent sequence
Member links: 3 active, 1 inactive (max not set, min not set)
Se1/0, since 00:24:06, 5790 weight, 1496 frag size
Se1/1, since 00:24:05, 5790 weight, 1496 frag size
Vi2, since 00:04:21, 960 weight, 950 frag size
Vt1 (inactive)
No inactive multilink interfaces
We can see that the multilink interface thinks it has 3344 kbps of bandwidth and not 3600.
R7#sh int virtual-access 2
Virtual-Access2 is up, line protocol is up
Hardware is Virtual Access interface
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 256 Kbit/sec, DLY 100000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation PPP, LCP Open, multilink Open
Link is a member of Multilink bundle Multilink1
PPPoFR vaccess, cloned from Virtual-Template1
Vaccess status 0x44
Bound to MFR1.47 DLCI 47, Cloned from Virtual-Template1, loopback not set
Keepalive set (10 sec)
DTR is pulsed for 5 seconds on reset
Last input 00:02:02, output never, output hang never
Last clearing of "show interface" counters 00:20:59
Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0
Queueing strategy: fifo
Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)
5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
253 packets input, 5890 bytes, 0 no buffer
Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles
0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort
254 packets output, 5393 bytes, 0 underruns
0 output errors, 0 collisions, 0 interface resets
0 unknown protocol drops
0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out
0 carrier transitions
Virtual-Access2 believes that there is 256kbps of bandwidth available rather than the expected 512kbps. Lets modify the bandwidth associated with Virtual-Template 1 (since the Virtual-Access interface inherits data from it) and see if that helps.
R7(config-if)#int virtual-template 1
R7(config-if)#bandwidth 512
R7(config-if)#int mfr1
R7(config-if)#shut
R7(config-if)#no shut
*Mar 1 00:40:48.283: %LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface MFR1, changed state to administratively down
*Mar 1 00:40:48.287: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:40:49.295: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface MFR1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:40:49.299: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:40:49.647: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface MFR1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:40:51.295: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:40:51.299: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to down
*Mar 1 00:40:58.259: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface MFR1, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:40:58.311: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:40:59.251: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/1, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:40:59.259: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface MFR1, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:40:59.267: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:40:59.311: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Virtual-Access2, changed state to up
R7(config-if)#do sh ppp multi
Multilink1
Bundle name: R4
Remote Endpoint Discriminator: [1] R4
Local Endpoint Discriminator: [1] R7
Bundle up for 00:32:49, total bandwidth 3600, load 1/255
Receive buffer limit 36000 bytes, frag timeout 1000 ms
0/0 fragments/bytes in reassembly list
0 lost fragments, 13 reordered
0/0 discarded fragments/bytes, 0 lost received
0x3A received sequence, 0x38 sent sequence
Member links: 3 active, 1 inactive (max not set, min not set)
Se1/0, since 00:32:44, 5790 weight, 1496 frag size
Se1/1, since 00:32:43, 5790 weight, 1496 frag size
Vi2, since 00:00:09, 1920 weight, 1496 frag size
Vt1 (inactive)
No inactive multilink interfaces
Okay, repeat the same thing on R4 and that should be it. Would anyone want to do this in the real world? I certainly hope not!
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